What are autoimmune diseases and why is my body attacking itself?

Autoimmune diseases occur when your immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in your body. In rheumatoid arthritis, it attacks the lining of your joints, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling. There are over 80 autoimmune conditions. The cause is not fully understood, but genetic factors, environmental triggers, and hormonal factors play a role. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and managing symptoms with disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs).

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term condition that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. It usually affects the hands, feet, and wrists. Treatment includes disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to slow the condition and reduce the risk of joint damage. The earlier treatment is started, the more effective it is likely to be.

This is an important immune system question. We recommend speaking with your GP for personalised advice. You can also contact NHS 111 (free, 24/7) for urgent guidance, or visit nhs.uk for trusted health information. Please note: this is general health information, not a substitute for professional medical advice.