What is sickle cell disease and who is at risk?

If you are planning a family and your partner has sickle cell trait, ask your GP for a haemoglobinopathy screen. This is a simple blood test that checks whether you also carry the trait. The NHS Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Screening Programme offers testing to all pregnant women in England. Early knowledge allows you to make informed decisions and access genetic counselling.

Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that affects the shape of red blood cells. It mainly affects people of African, Caribbean, Middle Eastern, Eastern Mediterranean, and Asian descent. Sickle cell trait means carrying one copy of the gene — this usually does not cause symptoms but can be passed to children. If both parents have the trait, there is a 1 in 4 chance their child will have sickle cell disease.

This is an important blood disorders question. We recommend speaking with your GP for personalised advice. You can also contact NHS 111 (free, 24/7) for urgent guidance, or visit nhs.uk for trusted health information. Please note: this is general health information, not a substitute for professional medical advice.